A man climbs on a rock in front of an antarctic scenery
Scientists debate whether antarctic ice sheets could be stabilized through glacial geoengineering or artificial infrastructures. | Photo: National Snow and Ice Data Center via flickr | CC BY 2.0

Saving the Planet by Making Antarctica the Object of International Discord?

The recently published Emissions Gap Report 2024 warns that international ambitions must be dramatically raised or the Paris Agreement’s 1.5°C goal will be gone soon. The current COP 29 conference is unlikely to deliver, however, and with new emission records for 2024 just confirmed and climate impacts intensifying, there is an increasing push for more contentious ideas, such as geoengineering the fragile West Antarctic Ice sheet. While there are several technical and environmental concerns, what has been largely overlooked are the political risks of such an endeavour, in particular challenges to the authority, sovereignty, and security of the Antarctic Treaty System. 

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desolate landscape with trees and grey sky. A sign warns of nuclear contamination. With added logo “Socio-ecological Transformation Conflicts”
The exploitation of Ukraine's resources by external actors has caused environmental damage extending far into the future. | Foto: Oleksandra Bardash via Unplash

A Green Recovery for Ukraine: How to Avoid the Trap of Green Colonialism?

The environment is not a silent victim in Russia’s war against Ukraine; the long-term threats for the people of Ukraine are already visible. The environmental dimension of the war has been documented from early on. In this respect, the war is a model for future military conflicts. President Zelenskyy emphasized in his peace plan that green reconstruction is an essential element for a just and sustainable future. Green reconstruction, as every reconstruction, needs international support and local engagement. In this blog post, we identify the conditions that must be met to ensure that local groups are empowered and new international dependencies are avoided.

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Mine with large construction crane
The current socio-ecological transformation is causing and exacerbating socio-political conflicts. | Photo: Jandira Sonnendeck, Unsplash

Socio-ecological Transformation Conflicts: A Central Field of Conflict and Research in the 21st Century

Conflicts over climate and energy policy, security and geopolitical dimensions of global decarbonisation, or human and environmental rights violations in global value chains: The current socio-ecological transformation is causing new and exacerbating existing socio-political conflicts that will characterise the 21st century. The new working group on socio-ecological transformation conflicts, which introduces some of its fields of research in this blog series, brings together existing expertise on these conflicts at PRIF.

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Eine Gruppe von Bundeswehrsoldaten sucht Schatten unter einem Baum
Veränderte klimatische Herausforderungen erfordern Anpassungen für Gerät und Infrastruktur. | Foto: ©Bundeswehr/Susanne Hähnel

Nachhaltig wehrhaft?

Die erste Nationale Sicherheitsstrategie für Deutschland ruht auf drei Säulen. Wehrhaft, resilient und nachhaltig soll Sicherheit zukünftig gestaltet sein. In diesem Blog diskutieren wir die Verknüpfung der wehrhaften und der nachhaltigen Sicherheit und zeigen dabei eine bedeutende Lücke auf. Ausgerechnet bei der so wichtigen Verknüpfung von Klimaveränderung und Sicherheit findet sich kein Hinweis darauf, dass auch die Ausstattung und Infrastruktur der Bundeswehr und ihre Einsatzpläne dem Ziel der Nachhaltigkeit entsprechen sollten. Ein Ansatz der integrierten Sicherheit sollte diese Dimension der nachhaltigen Wehrhaftigkeit aber unbedingt einschließen. Entsprechend empfehlen wir der Bundeswehr, nun eine eigene Strategie zur Klimasicherheit zu erarbeiten.

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Kachovka-Staudamm
Der Kachovka-Staudamm am Fluss Dnepr wurde am 6. Juni 2023 zerstört. | Foto: Липунов Дмитрий via wikimedia commons | Public Domain

Der dramatische Dammbruch von Kachovka und seine kurz- und langfristigen Folgen

Am Morgen des 6. Juni 2023 wurde gemeldet, dass der Kachovka-Staudamm zerstört wurde, und dass dadurch weite Gebiete flussabwärts, inklusive der Großstadt Cherson, durch eine Flutwelle bedroht werden würden. Der ukrainische Präsident Selensky macht für diese Katastrophe Russland, welches seit dem 24. Februar 2022 den Damm und das dazugehörige Wasserkraftwerk besetzt und kontrolliert hat, verantwortlich. Ob durch eine gezielte Sprengung oder durch grobe Fahrlässigkeit, der Dammbruch hat dramatische kurz- und langfristige Folgen für die Südukraine in Bezug auf Landwirtschaft, Wassersicherheit sowie auch den Schutz vor einem radioaktiven Unfall.

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Two penguins at the shore with a ship in the background and a boat that has people with orange jackets on it.
Danco Island, Antarctica: The small island is a landing spot for tourists and home to a Gentoo penguin colony. | Photo: Derek Oyen via Unsplash

Is Antarctica Still Exceptional? The Case for “Co-opetition” at the South Pole

Antarctic diplomacy has famously shielded the continent of peace, science, and environmental protection from outside conflict and war. This “exceptionalism” is now being tested by Russia’s war against Ukraine and the belief that international strategic competition between great powers is spilling over into the Antarctic. In order to keep the Antarctic exceptional, however, it would be wise to refocus on what has made Antarctic diplomacy so successful in the first place: cooperation in order to compete, or “co-opetition.”

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UN Secretary General Guterres gives a speech at the COP15 opening ceremony.
Guterres’ language of “humanity as a weapon of mass destruction” has to be critically engaged with. | Photo: UN Biodiversity via flickr | CC BY 2.0

Stopping the Biodiversity Apocalypse: Existential Threats and Ecological Justice at COP15 in Montreal

Global biodiversity is in a deep crisis. UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres spoke of a “biodiversity apocalypse” and of “humanity as a weapon of mass destruction”. The COP15 gathering in Montreal from 7-19 December is tasked with finding a new global framework for effectively protecting global biodiversity. Despite of the scale and speed of biodiversity deterioration, the language of security obscures the key aspect of ecological injustice: not all of humanity is causing environmental destruction but specific modes of economic development and the inequitable distribution of environmental benefits and burdens between Global North and South, as well as non-human nature.     

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